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Ninety two percent of families interviewed (36 families) said that earning their livelihoods now is easier than 5 years ago. Two families said it was the same as before and 1 family said it was harder now. Table 25 shows what crops people would like to grow on their land in the future is presented in with the number of times people mentioned each crop. Table 26 presents the main problems people are facing. Table 27 shows what people consider will be their livelihood/income generating activities in the future.
Table 25: Crops people would like to grow on their land in the future.
Area name |
Rice |
Cash crops |
Corn |
Bean |
Sesame |
Fruit* |
No land |
O Laok |
5 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
|
3 (Mango) |
|
O Pork |
7 |
7 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
2 |
Chom Phkar |
|
3 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
|
Anlong Khting |
1 |
3 |
2 |
4 (soy) 2 (mung) |
|
4 |
|
Total |
13 |
18 |
4 |
11 |
2 |
15 |
2 |
* Fruit trees mentioned included – Mango, durian, coconut, sapodilla, jackfruit, cashew, orange, rambuttan.
Table 26: Main Problems people face
Area name |
Poverty/ shortage of rice and other food |
Agriculture/lack of money or materials |
No water/rain |
Short of labour |
Illness |
No resin trees |
No land/ clearing new areas of forest |
Afraid someone take their land |
No proble-ms |
O Laok |
1 |
1 |
3 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
O Pork |
|
5 |
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
Chom Phkar |
1 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Anlong Khting |
|
3 |
4 |
4 |
|
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
Total |
2 |
13 |
13 |
8 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
Table 27: Future income generating activities.
Area name |
Chamka |
Animals |
Fruit trees |
Resin |
Labouring |
Make wine |
Sell things |
O Laok |
5 |
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
O Pork |
10 |
|
|
|
3 1 (repair houses) |
1 |
1 |
Chom Phkar |
10 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
Anlong Khting |
10 |
1 |
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
Total |
35 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
1 |
5 |
5.1. Attitudes to the Tum Ring Rubber Development
Table 28: gives the opinions of people interviewed of the Tum Ring Rubber Development and whether they have received threats by people wanting to push them off their land in Mean Rith.
Table 28: The opinions of people of the Tum Ring Rubber Development, and threats received
|
What do you think of Tum Ring Rubber Development? |
Have you ever been threatened to leave your land? |
|||||
Area name |
Don’t know |
Not good, company take the land |
People have been shot and killed |
Good can plant under rubber |
No |
Yes |
Don’t know |
O Laok |
7 |
1 |
|
|
5 |
2 |
1 |
O Pork |
4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
5 (2 threatened twice) |
1 |
Chom Phkar |
4 |
6 |
|
|
10 |
|
|
Anlong Khting |
7 |
3 |
|
|
8 |
|
|
Total |
22 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
28 |
7 |
2 |
5.2. Protection of land, village and forests
Several suggestions were given by villagers about how they could protect their land (Table 29) and who do villagers think could help them (Table 30).
Table 29: Protection of land, village and forest in Mean Rith
Area name |
On their own/ don’t give land |
Together/ develop CF* |
Advocacy |
Request Gov to grant use rights and follow the law |
Request others to help (NGOs, Human Rights) /need documents |
Don’t know |
O Laok |
2 |
4 |
4 |
|
1 |
4 |
O Pork |
|
9 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
Chom Phkar |
|
8 |
7 |
|
7 |
|
Anlong Khting |
|
8 |
5 |
|
6 |
1 |
Total |
2 |
29 |
20 |
6 |
17 |
6 |
* CF = Community Forestry
Table 30: Who can help?
Area name |
Other villagers |
NGOs |
Human Rights Organisations |
Gov (Commune, Hun Sen) |
Don’t know |
O Laok |
2 |
1 |
|
|
6 |
O Pork |
4 |
4 |
2 |
|
2 |
Chom Phkar |
|
3 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
Anlong Khting |
3 |
5 |
1 |
|
1 |
Total |
9 |
13 |
7 |
1 |
12 |
5.3. Suggestions for the future
These show requests for infrastructure development but also include requests for assistance for advocacy and land rights.
Table 31: Villagers suggestions for assistance in the future
Area name |
School/ teachers |
Hospital/ Market/ Wells/Roads /Equipment |
Assistance from NGOs (over the land) |
Food |
Cows |
Gov follows the law/land titles |
None |
O Laok |
1 |
3 |
1 |
|
|
|
6 |
O Pork |
4 |
8 |
|
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
Chom Phkar |
2 |
5 |
2 |
|
|
|
4 |
Anlong Khting |
3 |
11 |
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
Total |
10 |
27 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
15 |